The original paper is in English. Non-English content has been machine-translated and may contain typographical errors or mistranslations. ex. Some numerals are expressed as "XNUMX".
Copyrights notice
The original paper is in English. Non-English content has been machine-translated and may contain typographical errors or mistranslations. Copyrights notice
Desenvolvemos o procedimento de projeto de amplificadores Raman bombeados de múltiplos comprimentos de onda, introduzindo a regra de superposição e levando em consideração a transferência de energia de bomba para bomba. É resumido em relação ao comprimento de onda de bombeamento e à alocação de energia. As comparações entre resultados simulados e experimentais são apresentadas. A seção 2 revisa os fundamentos do amplificador Raman. Nesta seção, os espectros de ganho Raman medidos para diferentes fibras são apresentados e a diferença entre os espectros é discutida. A seção 3 descreve a maneira de determinar a alocação do comprimento de onda de bombeamento introduzindo o método de superposição. Por meio deste método de projeto, são apresentados alguns exemplos de projeto otimizados, onde os níveis de pico de ganho Raman são fixados em 10 dB para a faixa de comprimento de onda de 1525 nm a 1615 nm (banda C mais L) em todos os casos. A partir destes resultados, confirma-se que um melhor ganho de planicidade pode ser obtido utilizando o maior número de bombas. A seção 4 explica como a transferência de energia bomba a bomba altera o perfil de ganho por meio de resultados experimentais e simulados. Nesta seção, também é apresentada modelagem de simulação para realizar simulação numérica precisa. A partir da discussão acima, o procedimento de projeto pode ser simplificado: (1) determinam-se os comprimentos de onda da bomba com os quais um ganho Raman composto desejado pode ser obtido adicionando em escala logarítmica espectros de ganho Raman individuais deslocados pelas respectivas diferenças de comprimento de onda com fatores de peso adequados. E (2), prevê-se quanta potência deve ser lançada para realizar os fatores de peso através de simulações numéricas precisas. A Seção 5 verifica a regra de superposição e o efeito da transferência de energia bomba-a-bomba comparando um ganho Raman medido com um ganho sobreposto. A concordância de dois perfis de ganho mostra que o perfil de ganho Raman bombeado com vários comprimentos de onda contém apenas os perfis de ganho individuais criados pelos respectivos comprimentos de onda da bomba. A seção 6 conclui este artigo.
The copyright of the original papers published on this site belongs to IEICE. Unauthorized use of the original or translated papers is prohibited. See IEICE Provisions on Copyright for details.
Copiar
Yoshihiro EMORI, Shu NAMIKI, "Broadband Raman Amplifier for WDM" in IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Communications,
vol. E84-B, no. 5, pp. 1219-1223, May 2001, doi: .
Abstract: We have developed the design procedure of multi-wavelength pumped Raman amplifiers, introducing superposition rule and account for pump-to-pump energy transfer. It is summarized with respect to the pumping wavelength and power allocation. The comparisons between simulated and experimental results are presented. Section 2 reviews the fundamentals of Raman amplifier. In this section, Raman gain spectra measured for different fibers are presented and the difference among the spectra is discussed. Section 3 describes the way to determine the pumping wavelength allocation by introducing superposition method. By means of this design method, some optimized design examples are presented, where the peak levels of Raman gain are fixed to 10 dB for the wavelength range from 1525 nm to 1615 nm (C- plus L-band) in all cases. From these results, it is confirmed that better gain flatness can be obtained by using the larger number of pumps. Section 4 explains how the pump-to-pump energy transfer changes the gain profile by experimental and simulated results. In this section, simulation modeling to perform precise numerical simulation is also presented. From the above discussion, the design procedure can be simplified: (1) one determines pump wavelengths with which a desired composite Raman gain can be obtained by adding in logarithmic scale individual Raman gain spectra shifted by the respective wavelength differences with adequate weight factors. And (2), one predicts how much power should be launched in order to realize the weight factors through precise numerical simulations. Section 5 verifies the superposition rule and the effect of pump-to-pump energy transfer by comparing a measured Raman gain with a superposed one. The agreement of two gain profiles shows that the multi-wavelength pumped Raman gain profile contains only the individual gain profiles created by the respective pump wavelengths. Section 6 concludes this paper.
URL: https://global.ieice.org/en_transactions/communications/10.1587/e84-b_5_1219/_p
Copiar
@ARTICLE{e84-b_5_1219,
author={Yoshihiro EMORI, Shu NAMIKI, },
journal={IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Communications},
title={Broadband Raman Amplifier for WDM},
year={2001},
volume={E84-B},
number={5},
pages={1219-1223},
abstract={We have developed the design procedure of multi-wavelength pumped Raman amplifiers, introducing superposition rule and account for pump-to-pump energy transfer. It is summarized with respect to the pumping wavelength and power allocation. The comparisons between simulated and experimental results are presented. Section 2 reviews the fundamentals of Raman amplifier. In this section, Raman gain spectra measured for different fibers are presented and the difference among the spectra is discussed. Section 3 describes the way to determine the pumping wavelength allocation by introducing superposition method. By means of this design method, some optimized design examples are presented, where the peak levels of Raman gain are fixed to 10 dB for the wavelength range from 1525 nm to 1615 nm (C- plus L-band) in all cases. From these results, it is confirmed that better gain flatness can be obtained by using the larger number of pumps. Section 4 explains how the pump-to-pump energy transfer changes the gain profile by experimental and simulated results. In this section, simulation modeling to perform precise numerical simulation is also presented. From the above discussion, the design procedure can be simplified: (1) one determines pump wavelengths with which a desired composite Raman gain can be obtained by adding in logarithmic scale individual Raman gain spectra shifted by the respective wavelength differences with adequate weight factors. And (2), one predicts how much power should be launched in order to realize the weight factors through precise numerical simulations. Section 5 verifies the superposition rule and the effect of pump-to-pump energy transfer by comparing a measured Raman gain with a superposed one. The agreement of two gain profiles shows that the multi-wavelength pumped Raman gain profile contains only the individual gain profiles created by the respective pump wavelengths. Section 6 concludes this paper.},
keywords={},
doi={},
ISSN={},
month={May},}
Copiar
TY - JOUR
TI - Broadband Raman Amplifier for WDM
T2 - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Communications
SP - 1219
EP - 1223
AU - Yoshihiro EMORI
AU - Shu NAMIKI
PY - 2001
DO -
JO - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Communications
SN -
VL - E84-B
IS - 5
JA - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Communications
Y1 - May 2001
AB - We have developed the design procedure of multi-wavelength pumped Raman amplifiers, introducing superposition rule and account for pump-to-pump energy transfer. It is summarized with respect to the pumping wavelength and power allocation. The comparisons between simulated and experimental results are presented. Section 2 reviews the fundamentals of Raman amplifier. In this section, Raman gain spectra measured for different fibers are presented and the difference among the spectra is discussed. Section 3 describes the way to determine the pumping wavelength allocation by introducing superposition method. By means of this design method, some optimized design examples are presented, where the peak levels of Raman gain are fixed to 10 dB for the wavelength range from 1525 nm to 1615 nm (C- plus L-band) in all cases. From these results, it is confirmed that better gain flatness can be obtained by using the larger number of pumps. Section 4 explains how the pump-to-pump energy transfer changes the gain profile by experimental and simulated results. In this section, simulation modeling to perform precise numerical simulation is also presented. From the above discussion, the design procedure can be simplified: (1) one determines pump wavelengths with which a desired composite Raman gain can be obtained by adding in logarithmic scale individual Raman gain spectra shifted by the respective wavelength differences with adequate weight factors. And (2), one predicts how much power should be launched in order to realize the weight factors through precise numerical simulations. Section 5 verifies the superposition rule and the effect of pump-to-pump energy transfer by comparing a measured Raman gain with a superposed one. The agreement of two gain profiles shows that the multi-wavelength pumped Raman gain profile contains only the individual gain profiles created by the respective pump wavelengths. Section 6 concludes this paper.
ER -