The original paper is in English. Non-English content has been machine-translated and may contain typographical errors or mistranslations. ex. Some numerals are expressed as "XNUMX".
Copyrights notice
The original paper is in English. Non-English content has been machine-translated and may contain typographical errors or mistranslations. Copyrights notice
Um imenso número de switches LAN estão atualmente em uso em todo o mundo. Portanto, métodos que possam reduzir o consumo de energia destes dispositivos são de grande interesse prático. Uma maneira simples de economizar energia em switches LAN é colocar as interfaces em modo de suspensão quando nenhum pacote estiver armazenado em buffer e manter as interfaces em modo ativo enquanto houver pacotes a serem transmitidos. Embora este pareça ser o esquema de poupança de energia mais eficaz, a mudança de modo dá origem a correntes de pico, que podem causar danos eléctricos aos dispositivos. Este problema surge da mudança excessiva de modo, que deve ser evitada. Assim, o objetivo principal é desenvolver um método para reduzir o número de mudanças de modo que resultam em modos de suspensão de curta duração, porque essas mudanças não contribuem muito para a eficiência energética, mas podem danificar o dispositivo. Para este fim, é adotado um método pelo qual a interface é mantida em modo ativo por um período de tempo “extra” após todos os pacotes terem sido liberados do buffer. Este período é o “período extra ativo (EAP)” e este esquema protege o dispositivo em detrimento da eficiência da economia de energia. Neste artigo, este esquema é avaliado analiticamente em termos de sua taxa de redução de potência e frequência de mudanças de modo, modificando os modelos de filas M/M/1 e IPP/M/1. Os resultados numéricos mostram como a duração do período extra ativo degrada o desempenho da economia de energia, ao mesmo tempo que reduz o número de mudanças de modo. Mostramos analiticamente um compromisso exato entre a taxa de redução de potência e o número médio de ligações no modelo EAP com chegada de pacotes Poisson. Além disso, estendemos o esquema para determinar o EAP de forma dinâmica e adaptativa, dependendo da utilização da interface a curto prazo, e demonstramos a eficácia do esquema estendido por simulação. O esquema recentemente desenvolvido permitirá que os switches LAN sejam projetados tendo em mente a economia de energia, sem exceder as restrições do dispositivo.
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Hitomi TAMURA, Ritsuko TOMIHARA, Yutaka FUKUDA, Kenji KAWAHARA, Yuji OIE, "Energy Saving Scheme with an Extra Active Period for LAN Switches" in IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Communications,
vol. E93-B, no. 12, pp. 3542-3554, December 2010, doi: 10.1587/transcom.E93.B.3542.
Abstract: An immense number of LAN switches are currently in use worldwide. Therefore, methods that can reduce the energy consumption of these devices are of great practical interest. A simple way to save power in LAN switches is to switch the interfaces to sleep mode when no packets are buffered and to keep the interfaces in active mode while there are packets to be transmitted. Although this would appear to be the most effective energy saving scheme, mode switching gives rise to in-rush current, which can cause electrical damage to devices. This problem arises from excessive mode switching, which should be avoided. Thus, the main objective is to develop a method by which to reduce the number of mode switchings that result in short-duration sleep modes because these switchings do not contribute greatly to energy efficiency but can damage the device. To this end, a method is adopted whereby the interface is kept in active mode for an "extra" period of time after all packets have been flushed from the buffer. This period is the "extra active period (EAP)" and this scheme protects the device at the expense of energy saving efficiency. In this paper, this scheme is evaluated analytically in terms of its power reduction ratio and frequency of mode changes by modifying the M/M/1 and IPP/M/1 queuing models. The numerical results show how the duration of the extra active period degrades the energy saving performance while reducing the number of mode changes. We analytically show an exact trade-off between the power reduction ratio and the average number of turn-ons in the EAP model with Poisson packet arrival. Furthermore, we extend the scheme to determine the EAP dynamically and adaptively depending on the short-term utilization of the interface and demonstrate the effectiveness of the extended scheme by simulation. The newly developed scheme will enable LAN switches to be designed with energy savings in mind without exceeding the constraints of the device.
URL: https://global.ieice.org/en_transactions/communications/10.1587/transcom.E93.B.3542/_p
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@ARTICLE{e93-b_12_3542,
author={Hitomi TAMURA, Ritsuko TOMIHARA, Yutaka FUKUDA, Kenji KAWAHARA, Yuji OIE, },
journal={IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Communications},
title={Energy Saving Scheme with an Extra Active Period for LAN Switches},
year={2010},
volume={E93-B},
number={12},
pages={3542-3554},
abstract={An immense number of LAN switches are currently in use worldwide. Therefore, methods that can reduce the energy consumption of these devices are of great practical interest. A simple way to save power in LAN switches is to switch the interfaces to sleep mode when no packets are buffered and to keep the interfaces in active mode while there are packets to be transmitted. Although this would appear to be the most effective energy saving scheme, mode switching gives rise to in-rush current, which can cause electrical damage to devices. This problem arises from excessive mode switching, which should be avoided. Thus, the main objective is to develop a method by which to reduce the number of mode switchings that result in short-duration sleep modes because these switchings do not contribute greatly to energy efficiency but can damage the device. To this end, a method is adopted whereby the interface is kept in active mode for an "extra" period of time after all packets have been flushed from the buffer. This period is the "extra active period (EAP)" and this scheme protects the device at the expense of energy saving efficiency. In this paper, this scheme is evaluated analytically in terms of its power reduction ratio and frequency of mode changes by modifying the M/M/1 and IPP/M/1 queuing models. The numerical results show how the duration of the extra active period degrades the energy saving performance while reducing the number of mode changes. We analytically show an exact trade-off between the power reduction ratio and the average number of turn-ons in the EAP model with Poisson packet arrival. Furthermore, we extend the scheme to determine the EAP dynamically and adaptively depending on the short-term utilization of the interface and demonstrate the effectiveness of the extended scheme by simulation. The newly developed scheme will enable LAN switches to be designed with energy savings in mind without exceeding the constraints of the device.},
keywords={},
doi={10.1587/transcom.E93.B.3542},
ISSN={1745-1345},
month={December},}
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TY - JOUR
TI - Energy Saving Scheme with an Extra Active Period for LAN Switches
T2 - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Communications
SP - 3542
EP - 3554
AU - Hitomi TAMURA
AU - Ritsuko TOMIHARA
AU - Yutaka FUKUDA
AU - Kenji KAWAHARA
AU - Yuji OIE
PY - 2010
DO - 10.1587/transcom.E93.B.3542
JO - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Communications
SN - 1745-1345
VL - E93-B
IS - 12
JA - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Communications
Y1 - December 2010
AB - An immense number of LAN switches are currently in use worldwide. Therefore, methods that can reduce the energy consumption of these devices are of great practical interest. A simple way to save power in LAN switches is to switch the interfaces to sleep mode when no packets are buffered and to keep the interfaces in active mode while there are packets to be transmitted. Although this would appear to be the most effective energy saving scheme, mode switching gives rise to in-rush current, which can cause electrical damage to devices. This problem arises from excessive mode switching, which should be avoided. Thus, the main objective is to develop a method by which to reduce the number of mode switchings that result in short-duration sleep modes because these switchings do not contribute greatly to energy efficiency but can damage the device. To this end, a method is adopted whereby the interface is kept in active mode for an "extra" period of time after all packets have been flushed from the buffer. This period is the "extra active period (EAP)" and this scheme protects the device at the expense of energy saving efficiency. In this paper, this scheme is evaluated analytically in terms of its power reduction ratio and frequency of mode changes by modifying the M/M/1 and IPP/M/1 queuing models. The numerical results show how the duration of the extra active period degrades the energy saving performance while reducing the number of mode changes. We analytically show an exact trade-off between the power reduction ratio and the average number of turn-ons in the EAP model with Poisson packet arrival. Furthermore, we extend the scheme to determine the EAP dynamically and adaptively depending on the short-term utilization of the interface and demonstrate the effectiveness of the extended scheme by simulation. The newly developed scheme will enable LAN switches to be designed with energy savings in mind without exceeding the constraints of the device.
ER -