The original paper is in English. Non-English content has been machine-translated and may contain typographical errors or mistranslations. ex. Some numerals are expressed as "XNUMX".
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The original paper is in English. Non-English content has been machine-translated and may contain typographical errors or mistranslations. Copyrights notice
As técnicas de ocultação de dados são geralmente aplicadas em marcas d'água digitais ou impressões digitais, que são usadas para proteger os direitos de propriedade intelectual ou para evitar cópias ilegais das obras originais. Foi apontado que a ocultação de dados pode ser utilizada como meio de comunicação. Nas estruturas convencionais de marca d'água digital, é necessário que a diferença entre os objetos de cobertura e os objetos estego seja bastante pequena, de modo que a diferença não possa ser reconhecida pelos sistemas sensoriais humanos. Por outro lado, os autores propuseram uma técnica de ocultação de dados “audível” para sinais de áudio que pode transportar mensagens secretas e pode ser naturalmente reconhecida como uma peça musical pelos ouvidos humanos. Neste estudo, estendemos a ideia de que os dados audíveis se escondem em sinais de vídeo, utilizando os efeitos visuais. Como efeitos visuais, empregamos efeitos de fade-in e fade-out que podem ser usados como uma espécie de renderização visual para transições de cena. Nos esquemas propostos, as mensagens secretas são geradas como códigos de barras unidimensionais que são usados para efeitos de fade-in ou fade-out. O presente artigo mostra que os esquemas propostos possuem alta precisão na extração das mensagens incorporadas até mesmo dos sinais de vídeo capturados por smartphones ou tablets. É também demonstrado que os sinais de vídeo que transmitem as mensagens incorporadas podem ser naturalmente reconhecidos pelos sistemas visuais humanos através de experiências de avaliação subjetiva.
Tetsuya KOJIMA
National Institute of Technology, Tokyo College
Kento AKIMOTO
NHK Technologies, Inc.
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Tetsuya KOJIMA, Kento AKIMOTO, "A Visible Video Data Hiding Scheme Based on Fade-In and Fade-Out Effects Utilizing Barcodes" in IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information,
vol. E105-D, no. 1, pp. 46-53, January 2022, doi: 10.1587/transinf.2021MUP0004.
Abstract: Data hiding techniques are usually applied into digital watermarking or digital fingerprinting, which is used to protect intellectual property rights or to avoid illegal copies of the original works. It has been pointed out that data hiding can be utilized as a communication medium. In conventional digital watermarking frameworks, it is required that the difference between the cover objects and the stego objects are quite small, such that the difference cannot be recognized by human sensory systems. On the other hand, the authors have proposed a ‘hearable’ data hiding technique for audio signals that can carry secret messages and can be naturally recognized as a musical piece by human ears. In this study, we extend the idea of the hearable data hiding into video signals by utilizing the visual effects. As visual effects, we employ fade-in and fade-out effects which can be used as a kind of visual rendering for scene transitions. In the proposed schemes, secret messages are generated as one-dimensional barcodes which are used for fade-in or fade-out effects. The present paper shows that the proposed schemes have the high accuracy in extracting the embedded messages even from the video signals captured by smartphones or tablets. It is also shown that the video signals conveying the embedded messages can be naturally recognized by human visual systems through subjective evaluation experiments.
URL: https://global.ieice.org/en_transactions/information/10.1587/transinf.2021MUP0004/_p
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@ARTICLE{e105-d_1_46,
author={Tetsuya KOJIMA, Kento AKIMOTO, },
journal={IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information},
title={A Visible Video Data Hiding Scheme Based on Fade-In and Fade-Out Effects Utilizing Barcodes},
year={2022},
volume={E105-D},
number={1},
pages={46-53},
abstract={Data hiding techniques are usually applied into digital watermarking or digital fingerprinting, which is used to protect intellectual property rights or to avoid illegal copies of the original works. It has been pointed out that data hiding can be utilized as a communication medium. In conventional digital watermarking frameworks, it is required that the difference between the cover objects and the stego objects are quite small, such that the difference cannot be recognized by human sensory systems. On the other hand, the authors have proposed a ‘hearable’ data hiding technique for audio signals that can carry secret messages and can be naturally recognized as a musical piece by human ears. In this study, we extend the idea of the hearable data hiding into video signals by utilizing the visual effects. As visual effects, we employ fade-in and fade-out effects which can be used as a kind of visual rendering for scene transitions. In the proposed schemes, secret messages are generated as one-dimensional barcodes which are used for fade-in or fade-out effects. The present paper shows that the proposed schemes have the high accuracy in extracting the embedded messages even from the video signals captured by smartphones or tablets. It is also shown that the video signals conveying the embedded messages can be naturally recognized by human visual systems through subjective evaluation experiments.},
keywords={},
doi={10.1587/transinf.2021MUP0004},
ISSN={1745-1361},
month={January},}
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TY - JOUR
TI - A Visible Video Data Hiding Scheme Based on Fade-In and Fade-Out Effects Utilizing Barcodes
T2 - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information
SP - 46
EP - 53
AU - Tetsuya KOJIMA
AU - Kento AKIMOTO
PY - 2022
DO - 10.1587/transinf.2021MUP0004
JO - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information
SN - 1745-1361
VL - E105-D
IS - 1
JA - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information
Y1 - January 2022
AB - Data hiding techniques are usually applied into digital watermarking or digital fingerprinting, which is used to protect intellectual property rights or to avoid illegal copies of the original works. It has been pointed out that data hiding can be utilized as a communication medium. In conventional digital watermarking frameworks, it is required that the difference between the cover objects and the stego objects are quite small, such that the difference cannot be recognized by human sensory systems. On the other hand, the authors have proposed a ‘hearable’ data hiding technique for audio signals that can carry secret messages and can be naturally recognized as a musical piece by human ears. In this study, we extend the idea of the hearable data hiding into video signals by utilizing the visual effects. As visual effects, we employ fade-in and fade-out effects which can be used as a kind of visual rendering for scene transitions. In the proposed schemes, secret messages are generated as one-dimensional barcodes which are used for fade-in or fade-out effects. The present paper shows that the proposed schemes have the high accuracy in extracting the embedded messages even from the video signals captured by smartphones or tablets. It is also shown that the video signals conveying the embedded messages can be naturally recognized by human visual systems through subjective evaluation experiments.
ER -